Evaluation
I. Choose the correct
answer
1. Which system was called by different names like
Jagirdari, Malguzari and Biswedari etc.?
a. Mahalwari
b. Ryotwari
c. Zamindari
d. None of these
[Answer:
(d) None of these]
2. Under which Governor General did the permanent settlement
implemented in Bengal.
a. Lord Hastings
b. Lord Cornwallis
c. Lord Wellesley
d. Lord Minto
[Answer:
(b) Lord Cornwallis]
3. What was the Mahal in the Mahalwari system?
a. House
b. Land
c. Village
d. Palace
[Answer:
(c) Village]
4. In which region was the Mahalwari system imposed?
a. Maharashtra
b. Madras
c. Bengal
d. Punjab
[Answer:
(d) Punjab]
5. Who among the following Governors introduced Mahalwari
system?
a. Lord Hastings
b. Lord Cornwallis
c. Lord Wellesley
d. Lord William Bentinck
[Answer:
(d) Lord William Bentinck]
6. In which region was the Ryotwari system not introduce by
the British?
a. Bombay
b. Madras
c. Bengal
d. None of these
[Answer:
(c) Bengal]
7. The Indigo revolt was led by whom?
a. Mahatma Gandhi
b. Keshab Chandra Roy
c. DigambarBiswas and BishnuBiswas
d. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
[Answer:
(c) Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Biswas]
8. The Bardoli Satyagraha was led by whom?
a. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
b. Mahatma Gandhi
c. DigambarBiswas
d. Keshab Chandra Roy
[Answer:
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]
II Fill in the Blanks
1. Mahalwari
system is the
modified version of the Zamindari system.
2. The Mahalwari system was a Brain child
of Holt
Mackenzie.
3. Indigo Revolt took place in Bengal.
4. Moplah Rebellion was held in August
1921.
5. The Champaran Agrarian Act was passed
in May
1918.
III Match the
following
1. Permanent Settlement - Madras
2. Mahalwari Settlement - Misery of
the Indigo cultivators
3. Ryotwari System - North west
province
4. Nil Darban - Bengal
5. Santhal Rebellion - First Peasant
revolt
Answer:
1.
Permanent Settlement - Bengal
2.
Mahalwari Settlement - North west province
3.
Ryotwari system - Madras
4. Nil
Darpan -Misery of the Indigo cultivators
5.
Santhal Rebellion -First Peasant revolt
IV State true or false
1. Warren Hastings introduced
quinquennial land settlement. [Answer: True]
2. Ryotwari system was introduced by
Thomas Munro. [Answer: True]
3. Pabna revolt originated in the
Yusufshahi pargana in Gujarat. [Answer: True]
Correct
statement: Pabna revolt originated in the
Yusufshahi pargana in Bengal.
4. The Punjab land alienation Act
was passed in 1918. [Answer: True]
Correct
statement: The Punjab land alienation Act was
passed in 1900.
V Consider the
following statement and tick (✓) the appropriate answer
1. Which of the following statement is not true about
Zamindari system?
a. This settlement was introduced in
1793.
b. The Zamindars became the owner of
the land.
c. This system secured a fixed a
stable income for the cultivators.
d. This practice was applicable to
the area of 19% of India.
[Answer:
(c) This system secured a fixed a stable income for the cultivators.]
2. Which of the following statement is correct about
Peasants revolt in India?
a. The Santhal rebellion was held in
Bengal.
b. Dinabandhu Mitra wrote a drama
called Nil Darban.
c. The Deccan riots started from a
village at Pune in 1873.
d. The Moplah peasants rebellion was
held in Tamil Nadu.
[Answer:
(b) Dinabandhu Mitra wrote a drama called Nil Darban.]
VI Answer the
following in one or two sentences
1. List out any two salient features of the Permanent
settlement?
Answer:
Salient features of the Permanent settlement:
(i) The Zamindars were recognised as the owners of land as long
as they paid the revenue to the East India Company regularly.
(ii) The Zamindars acted as the agent of the Government for the
collection of revenue from the cultivators.
2. What were the salient features of the Ryotwari system?
Answer:
Salient features of the Ryotwari system:
(i) Revenue settlement was done directly with the ryots.
(ii) Measurement of field and an estimate of produce was
calculated.
(iii) Government fixed the demand at 45 to 55 percent of the
produce.
3. Bring out the effects of the Mahalwari settlement.
Answer:
Effects of the Mahalwari settlement:
(i) The Lambardar enjoyed privileges which was misused for their
self-interest.
(ii) This system brought no benefit to the cultivators.
(iii) It was a modified version of the Zamindari system and
benefited the upper class in villages.
4. What was the cause of Indigo Revolt in 1859 – 60?
Answer:
(i) The European indigo planters compelled the tenant farmers to
grow indigo at terms highly disadvantageous to the farmers.
(ii) The tenant farmer was forced to sell it cheap to the
planter and accepted advances from the planter that benefitted the latter.
There were also cases of kidnapping, looting, flogging and burning.
(iii) Led by Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Charan Biswas, the ryots
of Nadia district gave up indigo cultivation in September 1859. Factories were
burnt down and the revolt spread.
5. What was the contribution of Mahatma Gandhi on Champaran Satyagraha.
Answer:
(i) The European planters of Champaran in Bihar resorted to
illegal and inhuman methods of indigo cultivation at a cost which was wholly
unjust.
(ii) The peasants were liable to unlawful extortion and
oppression by the planters.
(iii) Mahatma Gandhi took up their cause. The Government
appointed an enquiry commission of which Mahatma Gandhi was a member.
(iv) The grievances of the peasants were enquired and ultimately
the Champaran Agrarian Act was passed in May 1918.
6. Mention the role of Vallabhai Patel in Bardoli
Satyagraha.
Answer:
(i) In 1928, the peasants of Bardoli (Gujarat) started their
agitation under the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, in protest against
the government’s proposal to increase land revenue by 30 percent.
(ii) The peasants refused to pay tax at the enhanced rate and
started no-tax campaign from 12 February 1928. Many women also participated in
this campaign.
VII Answer the
following in detail
1. Discuss the merits and demerits of the Permanent
settlement.
Answer:
Merits
(i) Under this system many of the waste lands and forests became
cultivable lands.
(ii) The Zamindars became the owner of the land.
(iii) The Zamindars were made free from the responsibility of
providing justice.
(iv) The Zamindars remained faithful to the British Government.
(v) This system secured a fixed and stable income for the
British Government.
Demerits
(i) The British Government had no direct contact with the
cultivators.
(ii) The rights of the cultivators were ignored and they were
left at the mercy of the Zamindars.
(iii) The peasants were almost treated as serfs.
(iv) This system was made the Zamindars lethargic and luxurious.
(v) Many conflicts between the zamindars and the peasants arose
in rural Bengal.
2. What were the impacts of the British Land Revenue system
on the cultivators?
Answer:
Impact of
the British land revenue system on the cultivators
(i) A common feature of all the settlements was the assessment
and the maximize income from land. It resulted in increasing land sales and
dispossession.
(ii) The peasants were overburdened with taxation. Due to the
tax burden and famines, in general, the people suffered in poverty and burdened
with debts. They had to seek the moneylenders who became rich and acquired
lands from the peasants.
(iii) The Zamindars, money-lenders and lawyers exploited the
poor peasants.
(iv) The stability and continuity of the Indian villages was
shaken.
(v) Cottage industries disappeared on account of the import of
British goods and the peasants had nothing to supplement their income.
(vi) The old body of custom was replaced by new apparatus of
law, courts, fees, lawyers and formal procedures.
(vii) The British policy proved advantageous only to the
government of a privileged section of the society at the cost of the
cultivators who were the rightful owners of their lands and claimants of the
larger share of the produce.
3. Write a paragraph about the Moplah Rebellion?
Answer:
Moplah
Rebellion (1921)
(i) The Muslim Moplah (or Moplah) peasants of Malabar (Kerala)
was suppressed and exploited by the Hindu zamindars (Jenmis) and British
government.
(ii) This was the main cause of this revolt.
(iii) The Moplah peasants got momentum from the Malabar District
Conference, held in April 1920.
(iv) This conference supported the tenants’ cause, and demanded
legislations for regulating landlord-tenant relations.
(v) In August 1921, the Moplah tenants rebelled against the
oppressive zamindars. In tbe initial phase of the rebellion, the Moplah
peasants attacked the police stations, public offices, communications and
houses of oppressive landlords and moneylenders.
(vi) By December 1921, the government ruthlessly suppressed the
Moplah rebellion.
(vii) According to an official estimate, as a result of
government intervention, 2337 Moplah rebels were killed, 1650 wounded and more
than 45,000 captured as prisoners.
VIII HOTs
1. Apart
from the exploiting through taxes, how did the British further exploit the
land?
Answer: Apart from the taxes, the British followed the policy of
commercialization of Agriculture which was a major set back for Indian farmers.
They were forced to grow the soil fertility deteriorating cash crops such as
opium. Jute, Indigo etc., Agricultural prices shot up by 31%. They were
threatened if they failed to grow these crops.
IX Project and
Activity
1. Point out the influence which shaped Gandhiji’s ideas on
Ahimsa and Satyagraha.
Answer: The 21 years Gandhiji spent in South Africa offered him valuable
insights in familiarizing himself with the inhuman situations that existed outside
as well as helping him develop appropriate concepts and techniques of
nonviolent defence. He resisted non-violently any oppression and exhorted the
Indians to take part in public activities. For him, South Africa was the place
where he first tried methods of non violence and after 20 years of relentless
struggle he won finally against the whites.
2. Organize exhibition in your school on the peasants
conditions highlight the similarities between past and present.
Related Topics
Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant
Copyright © 2018-2024 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.