Exercise 3.2

Exercise 3.2

Miscellaneous Practice Problems

1. A shopkeeper buys three articles for ₹325, ₹450 and ₹510. He is able to sell them for ₹350, ₹425 and ₹525 respectively. Find the gain or loss to the shopkeeper on the whole.

Cost price of three articles = ₹ 325 + ₹ 450 + ₹ 510

= ₹ 1,285

Selling price of three articles = ₹ 350 + ₹ 425 + ₹ 525

= ₹ 1,300

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 1,300 − ₹ 1,285

= ₹ 15

2. A stationery shop owner bought a scientific calculator for ₹750. He had put a battery worth ₹100 in it. He had spent ₹50 for its outer pouch. He was able to sell it for ₹850. Find his profit or loss.

Cost price = ₹ 750

Cost of battery = ₹ 100

Cost of outer pouch = ₹ 50

Total cost price = ₹ 900

Selling Price  = ₹ 850

C.P > S.P

Loss = C.P − S.P

= ₹ 900 − ₹ 850

= ₹ 50

3. Nathan paid ₹800 and bought 10 bottles of honey from a village vendor. He sold them in a city for ₹100 per bottle. Find his profit or loss.

Cost price = ₹ 800

S.P of l bottle of honey = ₹ 100

S.P of 10 bottles of honey = ₹ 100 × 10

= ₹ 1,000

S.P = 1,000

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 1,000 − ₹ 800

= ₹ 200

4. A man bought 400 metre of cloth for ₹60,000 and sold it at the rate of ₹400 per metre. Find his profit or loss.

C.P of 400 metre of cloth = ₹ 60,000

S.P of 1 metre of cloth = ₹ 400

S.P of 400 metre of cloth = ₹ 400 × 400

= ₹ 1,60,000

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 1,60,000 − ₹ 60,000

= ₹ 1,00,000

Challenge Problems

5. A fruit seller bought 2 dozen bananas at ₹20 a dozen and sold them at ₹3 per banana. Find his gain or loss.

C.P of one dozen bananas = ₹ 20

C.P of 2 dozen bananas = ₹ 20 × 2 = ₹ 40

2 dozen = 2 × 12  = 24 bananas.

S.P ofone banana = ₹ 3

S.P of 24 bananas = ₹ 3 × 24 = ₹ 72

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 72 − ₹ 40

= ₹ 32

6. A store purchased pens at ₹216 per dozen. He paid ₹58 for conveyance and sold the pens at the discount of ₹2 per pen and made a overall profit of ₹50. Find the M.P. of each pen.

C.P of one dozen pens = ₹ 216

Conveyance charge = ₹ 58

Total C.P = ₹ 274

Profit = ₹ 50

S.P of one dozen pens = ₹ 324

S.P of one pen = ₹ 324 ÷ 12

 = ₹ 27

Discount of one pen = ₹ 2

M.P of one pen = S.P + Discount

= ₹ 27 + ₹ 2

= ₹ 29

M.P of one pen = ₹ 29 

7. A vegetable vendor buys 10 kg of tomatoes per day at ₹10 per kg, for the first three days of a week. 1 kg of tomatoes got smashed on everyday for those 3 days. For the remaining 4 days of the week he buys 15 kg of tomatoes daily at ₹8 per kg. If for entire week he sells tomatoes at ₹20 per kg, then find his profit or loss for the week.

Tomatoes bought for one day = 10 kg

Tomatoes bought for 3 days = 3 × 10 = 30 kg

C.P of 1 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 10

C.P of 30 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 10 × 30 = ₹ 300

Smashed tomatoes in 3 days = 3 × 1 = 3 kg

Remaining tomatoes = 30 kg − 3 kg = 27 kg

Tomatoes bought for remaining 4 days = 4 × 15 = 60 kg

C.P of 1 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 8

C.P of 60 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 8 × 60 = ₹ 480

Total weight of tomatoes bought = (30 + 60) kg = 90 kg

C.P of 90 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 300 + ₹ 480 = ₹ 780

Leaving smashed tomatoes,

The remaining weight of tomatoes = 27 kg + 60 kg = 87 kg

S.P of 1 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 20

S.P of 87 kg of tomatoes = ₹ 20 × 87 = ₹ 1740

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 1740 − ₹ 780

Profit = ₹ 960

8. An electrician buys a used T.V. for ₹12,000 and a used Fridge for ₹11,000. After spending ₹1000 on repairing the T.V. and ₹1500 on painting the Fridge, he fixes up the M.P. of T.V. as ₹15,000 and that of Fridge as ₹15,500. If he gives ₹1000 discount on each find his profit or loss.

Cost price of T.V = ₹ 12,000

Repairing charge = ₹ 1,000

Total cost price = ₹ 13,000

M.P of T.V = ₹ 15,000

Distance = ₹ 1,000

Selling price = ₹ 14,000

C.P < S.P 

Profit = S.P − C.P

 = ₹ 14,000 − ₹ 13,000 = ₹ 1,000

Cost price of Fridge = ₹ 11,000

Painting Charge = ₹  1,500

Total cost price = ₹ 12,500

M.P of Fridge = ₹ 15,500

Discount = ₹ 1,000

Selling price = ₹ 14,500

C.P < S.P

Profit = S.P − C.P

= ₹ 14,500 − ₹ 12,500 = ₹ 2,000

Profit got by T.V. = ₹ 1,000

Profit got by Fridge = ₹ 2,000

Total profit = ₹ 1000 + ₹ 2000

= ₹ 3000

ANSWERS:

Exercise 3.2

1. Gain = ₹15

2. Loss = ₹50

3. Profit = ₹200

4. Profit =₹1,00,000

5. Gain = ₹32

6. M.P. = ₹29

7. Profit =₹960

8. Profit = ₹3000